1679. A Poem as it was Presented To His Sacred Majesty, On the Discovery of the Plott. Written by a Lady of Quality. Printed in the year 1679. [London]: s.n. A later text of the 1678 poem (above), with a few significant variants. Dual-column broadside, with a decorative woodcut initial, depicting Charles II and, I suggest, his good friend from childhood, Mary Villiers, wearing her ducal coronet. This poem, a new title in the Ephelia canon, is now linked to its parent-text of 1678 in the Eighteenth-Century Short-Title Catalogue.

Easter-Term, 1679. Female Poems On Several Occasions. Written by Ephelia. London: James Courtney. Title-page vignette from the Mathys firm, Leiden (see Rahir, Elzevier, Fleuron 203). This collection reprints the poet's Popish Plot broadside of 1679, cited above. 112 pages. The fictitious author frontispiece, unsigned, may playfully mimic Lely's series, "The Windsor Beauties," as well as Vander Gucht's "Orinda" (Katherine Philips), engraved by Faithorne.

[June, 1681]. Advice to His Grace. Subscribed, "Ephelia." London: s.n.. A cautionary poem to James, Duke of Monmouth. A single column, slip format broadside. 50 lines. Privately printed; privately circulated to a selected readership.

[August, 1681]. "A funerall Elegie on Sir Thomas Isham Baronet." Signed "Ephelia." Autograph MS., University of Nottingham Library, Portland MS PwV 336. One folio sheet, folded, 40 lines, with armorial watermark (cf. Heawood 821). A fair working draft, with authorial revisions, catchword, and marginal brackets (all in the same hand).

1682 [1684?]. Female Poems On Several Occasions. Written by Ephelia. The Second Edition, with Large Additions. London: James Courtney [possibly not released on the market until after Mary Villiers's death in 1684, Old Style]. Printed without the large title-page ornament since "The Butterfly" had 'dropped' by this date. This second edition of the book may have been a posthumous release, assembled by the author's younger brother, George Villiers, second Duke of Buckingham, who may have collaborated with his older sister on their literary projects. The Huntington Library copy of this rare book displays a crude manual cancel to the title-page imprint: the publication date is changed from "1682" to "1684."

Published research on the "Ephelia" subject by Maureen E. Mulvihill:
1985. "Ephelia." In A Dictionary of British & American Women Writers, J. Todd (ed.). New Jersey, pp. 115-116. This first extended profile of the poet, in a modern feminist reference work, supersedes Myra Reynolds' profile in her classic, The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760 (1920; rpt., 1964), pp. 138-139. 1988. "Ephelia." In British Women Writers, J. Todd (ed.). New York, pp. 227-228. Updates the 1985 profile.

1992. Poems by Ephelia: The Premier Facsimile Edition of the Manuscript & Published Poems. With a Critical Essay & Apparatus. New York & Switzerland. (2nd printing, 1993). Identifies Anne Phillips Proud of the Phillips-Milton-Proud line as a possible speculative candidate for "Ephelia." With 19 ills., 88-page Critical Essay, and apparatus of six appendices.

1995. "Mary Villiers . . . the New Candidate for Ephelia.'" Women's Writing, Vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 309-311. . First published note announcing the new candidate, superseding the 1992 candidate, Anne Phillips Proud. Similar note in Restoration (Fall,1995).

1996. "'Butterfly' of the Restoration Court: A Preview of Mary Villiers . . . ." American Notes and Queries, Fall, pp. 25-40. 4 illus. A detailed essay on the life and times of Mary Villiers, with readings of the poems against the new evidence. Overturns the old attribution of "Ephelia's Lamentation" to Sir George Etherege.

1996. "Ephelia Setting on CD," with soprano, Georgina Colwell (Hersham, Surrey). Restoration, Fall. A recording of Colwell's performance on her CD, This Scepter'd Isle (1995), of Dr. Cecil Armstrong Gibbs' "Why Do I Love?," being his setting of Ephelia's poem, "To One that ask'd me why I lov'd J.G." Gibbs' setting was published by Boosey & Hawkes, London, in 1937.

1998. "Ephelia." In An Encyclopedia of British Women Writers, P. Schlueter and J. Schlueter (eds.). 2nd edition, New Jersey, pp. 231-233. With a (cropped) cover photo of Van Dyck's Mary Villiers & Her Dwarf. The authoritative and most recent treatment of the subject, superseding all earlier profiles, with detailed apparatus (primary and secondary bibliography).

1999. "The Eureka! Piece in the Ephelia Puzzle: Book Ornaments, Attribution Research, and a New Location for Rahir Fleuron 203." American Notes and Queries, Summer, pp. 23-34. Illus. Identifies the precise source of the title-page typographical mark of Female Poems . . . by Ephelia (1679).

2000. "Ephelia, Butterfly Poet." Times Literary Supplement, September 1, p. 17. Announces the naming of a new subspecies of Taiwan moth after the "Ephelia" poet (details forthcoming from Dr. J. B. Heppner).

Forthcoming, 2001. "Thumbprints of Ephelia': The End of an Enigma in Restoration Attribution Text, Image, Sound With a Key to Female Poems . . . by Ephelia (1679) and a New Title in the Ephelia Canon." (Re)Soundings, . A complete archive on the project, including all of the essential research and criticism, by several scholars.

Forthcoming, 2001. "Sly Stuart Duchess: the Masks of Mary Villiers, Duchess of Richmond & Lennox (1622-1685)." In The Female Spectator (Chawton House Centre for the Study of Women Writers, Chawton, Hampshire, England). Fall issue. Illustrated.

Forthcoming, ca. 2003. Ephelia. In the new series from Scolar/Ashgate, The Early Modern English Woman: A Facsimile Library. This edition updates and supersedes my first edition of the texts from Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints (1992; 2nd printing, 1993).

Ancillary references:
Burghclere, W., Baroness
1903. George Villiers, Second Duke of Buckingham. London.

Cammel, C. R.
1939. The Great Duke of Buckingham. London.

Chernaik, W.
1995. "Ephelia's Voice." Philolog. Qtr., Spring, pp. 151-167.

D'Aulnoy, M. C. J. de Berneville
1695. M‚moires de la Cour d'Angleterre en 1675. Paris. (1913 reprint: G. D. Gilbert and L. Henry (eds.). New York).

Greer, G. et al. (eds.)
1988. Kissing the Rod: an Anthology of Seventeenth-Century Women's Verse. London.

Hobby, E.
1988. A Virtue of Necessity. London.

Larsen, E.
1980. L'Opera Completa di Van Dyck, 1626-1641. Milan. 2 vol.

Lockyer, R.
1981. Buckingham: the Life and Political Career of George Villiers, first Duke of Buckingham. London.

Mouffet, T.
1634. Theatrum Insectorum. London. (1658 English edition).

Pembroke, S., Earl of
1968. Wilton House: a Catalogue of the Paintings & Drawings. London.

Schiner, J. M.
1864. Catalogus Systematicus Dipterorum Europae. Soc. Zool.-Bot., Vienna.

Rahir, I.
1896. Catalogue d'une Collection Unique de Volumes Imprim‚s par les Elzevier. Paris.

Wilson, J. H.
1976. Court Satires of the Restoration. Ohio.

Wilson, K. M.
1997. Review: Poems by Ephelia, circa 1679, ed. M. E. Mulvihill. Amer. Notes & Queries, Winter 1997: 49-52.

Decorative initials (A and T) and endplate, from Thomas Harriot (1590, de Bry edition), A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia.